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conclusion
These studies demonstrate that short doses of the hormones estrogen and proges-
terone induce a long-lasting protective effect on mammary tumorigenesis in two
genetically engineered mouse models. At least part of the effects of the hormone
treatment is mediated through systemic and/or mammary stroma alterations.
Abbreviations
MMTV = murine-mammary-tumor virus; PCR = PCR; RT = reverse tran-
scriptase.
competing interests
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
Each author contributed equally to the results reported in this manuscript. All
authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Dave Edwards, Himo Gar-
ricks, Jamal Hill and Edward Blank. This research was supported by NCI research
grants PO1-CA64255 (DM), RO1-CA101211 (PB), and CBCRP-8PB-0132
(SN).
references
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