Marketing challenges and opportunities faced by the Nguni cattle project beneficiaries in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa - Institutional Constraints to Small Farmer Development in Southern Africa - page 113

6.6 Results of association tests

Out of the thirteen variables included in the study, four were significantly associated with
municipality ( P <0.05) namely education, market distance, body condition and herd size.
The Pearson Chi Square test results are summarized in Table 6.1, while the ANOVA test
results are in Table 6.2. Level of education of head of household varies across municipalities,
the likely reasons being variation in training programmes and number of schools available
in the three municipalities. For instance in Alfred Nzo there are very few schools, to the

Table 6.1. Relationship between geographical location and market factors based on Pearson's correlation
tests.

Municipality Value Df Asymp. Sig (2-sided)

Gender 0.971 2 0.615

Age 9.011 4 0.061

Education 11.360 4 0.023

Information access 5.674 2 0.059

Market price 10.045 6 0.123

Market distance 13.143 4 0.011

Market availability 1.375 2 0.503

Transport availability 5.319 2 0.070

Transport affordability 1.591 2 0.451

Method of payment 0.345 2 0.841

Body condition 33.778 4 0.000

Market opportunities 57.986 8 0.000

Table 6.2. Analysis of variation in household and herd sizes in the survey municipalities.

Sum of squares Mean square F Sig

Household size Between groups 37.6 18.8 1.203 0.303

Within groups 2,813.62 15.631

Total 2,851.22

Herd size Between groups 2,269.92 1,134.96 11.376 0

Within groups 17,958.5 99.77

Total 20,228.4