Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fate in the Environment and Long-Range
Atmospheric Transport of the
Organophosphorus Insecticide,
Chlorpyrifos and Its Oxon
Don Mackay, John P. Giesy, and Keith R. Solomon
1
Introduction
The fate and movement of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPY;
CAS No. 2921-88-2) and its principal transformation product of interest,
chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPYO; CAS No. 5598-15-2), are primary determinants of expo-
sures experienced by animals in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Dynamics of
the movement of CPY and CPYO are determined by the interactions between chem-
ical and physical properties (Solomon et al.
2013a
) and environmental conditions.
Together, these properties provide the basis for developing and refining models of
exposure for assessing risks. An extensive review of the environmental fate of CPY
was published in 1993 (Racke
1993
). The following sections build on this review,
with updates exploiting relevant data from new studies and other reviews in the lit-
erature as these pertain to the assessment of risks in the ecosystem. This report
addresses processes that affect fates of CPY and CPYO in various compartments of
the environment and how these affect exposures of ecological receptors (Fig.
1
) as
discussed in companion papers (Cutler et al.
2014
; Moore et al.
2014
; Williams
et al.
2014
). This paper serves as an update on the environmental dynamics and
The online version of this chapter (doi:
10.1007/978-3-319-03865-0_3
)
contains supplementary
material, which is available to authorized users.
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