Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Group
Name
Examples
O
ester
ethyl oleate, aspirin, procaine
COR
O
cyclic ester
warfarin, nystatin, digoxin,
digitoxin
CO
O
thioester
spironolactone
CSR
O
amide
nicotinamide, paracetamol,
procainamide
CNR
2
imide
phenytoin, barbiturates,
riboflavin
O
C
NH
CO
O
cyclic amide (lactam)
penicillins, cephalosporins
CNH
O
carbamate (urethane)
carbachol, neostigmine,
carbimazole
O
H
R
imine (azomethine
or Schiff base)
diazepam, pralidoxime
NR
C
O
H
acetal
digoxin, aldosterone
C
OR
O
H
thioacetal
lincomycin, clindamycin
C
SR
R
O
SO
3
H
sulfate ester
heparin
sulfamate
R
NH
SO
3
H
R
O
PO
3
H
phosphate ester
hydrocortisone sodium
phosphate, triclofos sodium
Figure 8.17
Functional groups prone to hydrolysis.
