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G
=
(
Σ
,
Σ
P
,
S
)
NPV
N
T
,
NPV
NPV
NPV
NPV
where:
Σ
- denotes the set of non-terminal symbols defined as follows:
N
NPV
Σ
={RESULTS, W, ACCEPT, NOT_ACCEPT, A, B, C},
N
NPV
Σ
- denotes the set of terminal symbols defined as follows:
T
NPV
Σ
′a′, ′b′, ′c′}, and the individual elements of this set take the following
values: a = {0%}, b
= {
T
NPV
∈ (0%, 100%], c ∈ [-100%, 0%) (Figure 4.1).
Fig. 4.1. Terminal symbols for the G NPV grammar
Σ
S NPV - the start symbol of the grammar, S NPV
, S NPV = RESULTS,
N
NPV
P NPV - a set of productions, defined as follows:
1. RESULTS ACCEPT | NOT_ACCEPT
2. ACCEPT W // if (W = accept) final_decision := accept
3. NOT_ACCEPT W // if (W = not accept) final_decision := not accept
4. W A // w=results
5. A → a // decision:= accept
6. B → b // decision:= accept
7. C → c // decision:= not accept
The analysis of economic ratios conducted by UBMSS systems supports using
the semantic contents of the analysed data to determine the nature of that data, its
impact on the current standing of the company and the extent of changes it causes
to the company and its environment taking into account the information currently
possessed. Such an analysis is possible due to semantic information contained in
the analysed sets. This semantic information may relate to:
the scale (value) of analysed economic ratios;
the frequency of their changes;
the way they change;
the regularity with which ratio changes occur;
the number of changes observed;
the type of changes observed.
The example UBMSS system discussed here can conduct a cognitive analysis of
selected financial and economic ratios, which will make it possible to take the best
strategic decision for the selected (analysed) company. Figure 4.2 shows example
results of the operation of the UBMSS system proposed for semantic analyses and
interpretations stemming from understanding the selected analysed financial ratio
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