Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
Such a presentation of cognitive information theory allowed it to be defined in
a way which unambiguously specifies the place of cognitive information theory
among scientific disciplines [142], [144].
Cognitive informatics is understood as the combination of cognitive sciences
and informatics intended to study the mechanisms by which information processes
operate in the human mind, which processes are treated as elements of natural in-
telligence and applied to engineering and technical tasks using an interdisciplinary
approach.
The above definition of cognitive informatics allows the problems with which
this science deals to be identified accurately and at the same time allows the di-
rections of its development to be charted. The most important ones are the de-
velopment of cognitive IT systems, cognitive robots, avatars, implementing the
analysis of human experiences and impressions in automatic (artificial) counter-
parts, i.e. artificial brains that can perceive, receive and analyse experiences and
impressions.
Theoretical aspects of cognitive informatics are considered within two catego-
ries [89]:
•
the first is the application perspective of the computer science, computer tech-
niques and cognitive research problems like: memory, learning, reasoning,
drawing conclusions, analysis;
•
the second category is the use of cognitive theories to solve problems in com-
puter science, knowledge engineering, software engineering and computational
intelligence.
These problems can be solved by attempting to apply the theoretical founda-
tions of processes taking place in the human brain, such as information acquisi-
tion, information representation selection, memory, lost information recovery,
communication generation and its process.
2.1 Formal Cognitive Models
What is particularly important in IT systems used in cognitive informatics is their
correctly defined system architecture, which in the case of designing theoretical
networks of cognitive informatics is based on the models described by Wang. The
latter include [142]:
1.
The Information-Matter-Energy (IME) model
- in which information is rec-
ognised as one of three complementary components of the natural world, the
other two being the matter and energy that surround us. This combination became
possible when it was recognised that apart from the basic elements making up the
contemporary world - matter and energy - information is treated as its third main
component, because the processes running in the human brain are founded on ba-
sic functions associated with none else than information processes.
