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function (El Idrissi et al. 2009 ). Central administration of TAU exerts an anorexigenic
effect, decreasing the expression of orexigenic neuropeptides and reducing food intake
(Solon et al. 2012 ). As occurs in peripheral tissues (Carneiro et al. 2009 ) , TAU also
potentiates insulin action in hypothalamus (Solon et al. 2012 ) .
In this way, how little is known about TAU effects upon malnutrition and obesity in
hypothalamic insulin action and food intake regulation. Here we show that TAU sup-
plementation improved body glucose control and enhanced central insulin sensitivity,
resulting in decreased caloric intake that reduces body fat deposition in obese mice.
10.2
Methods
10.2.1
Animals and Diets
All experiments were approved by the ethics committee at UNICAMP. The studies
were carried out on weaned 30-day-old male C57Bl/6J mice obtained from the
breeding colony at UNICAMP and maintained at 22 ± 1°C, on a 12-h light-dark
cycle, with free access to food and water intake. The mice were fed a control (14%
protein-C) or a protein-restricted (6% protein-R) diet. After 6 weeks, both groups
received or not high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks (CH and RH). Half of the HFD
groups were supplemented with 5% TAU in their drinking water since the weaning
time until the end of the experiment (CHT and RHT groups).
10.2.2
General Nutritional Parameters
Body weight (BW) was measured at the end of the experimental period. In the last
week of HFD treatment both mice groups were placed in metabolic cages and had
their food intake monitored, as previously reported (Morrison & Campbell, 1960 ) .
At the end of the experimental period (14 weeks), fasted mice were decapitated, had
their blood collected, and plasma was stored at −20°C. Commercial kits were used
according to the manufacturer's instructions for quantification of total plasma cho-
lesterol (Roche/Hitachi; Indianapolis, USA). Plasma glucose was measured using a
glucose analyzer (Accu-Chek Advantage, Roche Diagnostic, Switzerland).
10.2.3
Food Intake
Food intake was monitored during the last week of treatment (8th week) using met-
abolic cages as previously reported (Morrison & Campbell, 1960 ) .
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