Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
5
MULTIRESIDUAL DETERMINATION OF 295 PESTICIDES
AND CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS IN ANIMAL FAT BY GEL
PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY (GPC) CLEANUP
COUPLED WITH GC-MS/MS, GC-NCI-MS, AND LC-MS/MS
YAN-ZHONG CAO, YONG-MING LIU, NA WANG, XIN-XIN JI, CUI-CUI
YAO, XIANG LI, LI-LI SHI, QIAO-YING CHANG, CHUN-LIN FAN, and
GUO-FANG PANG
5.1
INTRODUCTION
With the improvement in people's living standards, environmental protection and
food safety have become a growing concern in the world. Environmental pollutant
residues in cereals, vegetables, fruits, livestock products, aquatic products, soil, and
water cause potential hazards to human health and safety, and they have directly
affected economic development and social stability; thus, environmental pollutant
residues are one of the important issues in food safety.
Environmental pollutants usually refer to the substances that can change the normal
composition of the environment and can be directly or indirectly detrimental to growth,
development, and reproduction of the living species. Long-term hazards of environ-
mental pollutants to humans are mainly carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic
effects. Data show that less than 5% of human cancers are caused by biological factors
of the virus, less than 5% of human cancers are caused by physical factors of radiation,
and about 90% of human cancers are caused by chemical substances
a considerable
number of carcinogenic chemicals are environmental pollutants.
This chapter reports the determination of 295 pesticides and chemical pollutants
(209 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs), 3 phthalate esters (PAEs), and 68 pesticides) in animal fat by GC
-
MS/
MS (gas chromatography
-
tandem mass spectrometry), GC
-
NCI-MS (gas chroma-
tography
-
negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry), and LC
-
MS/MS (liquid
chromatography
tandem mass spectrometry). In the proposed method, fat samples
are extracted with acetonitrile followed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC)
cleanup, and 23
-
60 min fraction is collected and online concentrated to 1ml for
instrument analysis. Among the 295 compounds, 209 PCBs, 15 PAHs, 3 PAEs, and
57 pesticides are analyzed by GC
-
-
MS/MS, endosulfan I and endosulfan II are
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