Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 4.2. Examples of Phthalates, with Their Corresponding Q1 and Q3 Transitions
Used in LC-MS/MS Analysis
Q1 Mass
(amu)
Q3 Mass
(amu)
Phthalate
Formula Abbreviation
Dimethyl phthalate
C
10
H
10
O
4
DMP
195
163/133
Diethyl phthalate
C
12
H
14
O
4
DEP
223
149/177
Diallyl phthalate
C
14
H
14
O
4
DAP
247
189/149
Dipropyl phthalate
C
14
H
18
O
4
DPrP
251
149/191
Diisopropyl phthalate
C
14
H
18
O
4
DIPrP
251
149/191
Dibutyl phthalate
a
,
b
C
16
H
22
O
4
DBP
279
149/205
Diisobutyl phthalate
b
C
16
H
22
O
4
DIBP
279
149/205
Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate
C
14
H
18
O
6
DMEP
283
207/59
Dipentyl phthalate
b
C
18
H
26
O
4
DPP
306
219/149
Diisopentyl phthalate
C
18
H
26
O
4
DIPP
306
219/149
Bis(2-ethoxyethyl) phthalate
C
16
H
22
O
6
DEEP
311
221/149
Benzyl butyl phthalate
a
,
b
C
19
H
20
O
4
BBP
313
149/205
Diphenyl phthalate
C
20
H
14
O
4
DPhP
319
225/77
Dicyclohexyl phthalate
C
20
H
26
O
4
DCHP
331
167/249
Bis(4-methyl
2-pentyl)
phthalate
C
20
H
30
O
4
BMPP
335
167/251
Dihexyl phthalate
C
20
H
30
O
4
DHXP
335
149/233
Di-
n
-heptyl phthalate
C
22
H
34
O
4
DHP
363
149/233
Bis(2-
n
-butoxyethyl) phthalate
C
20
H
30
O
6
DBEP
367
101/249
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
a
,
b
C
24
H
38
O
4
DEHP
391
167/279
Di-
n
-octyl phthalate
a
,
b
C
24
H
38
O
4
DNOP
391
261/149
Diisononyl
ortho
-phthalate
a
,
b
C
26
H
42
O
4
DINP
419
275/149
Diisodecyl
ortho
-phthalate
a
,
b
C
28
H
46
O
4
DIDP
447
149/289
a
Restricted use in toys and childcare articles in Europe.
b
Addressed in the phthalates action plan of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
with the compounds separated by reversed-phase gradient of water to methanol with
ammonium acetate buffering on a C18 column. Table 4.3 lists common PFC
compounds with their corresponding MRM transitions. The main factor that can
affect PFC analysis is that background interferences can come from the HPLC system
used for the analysis. In order to get around these issues, plastic tubing can be replaced
by polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or stainless steel tubing and the PTFE frits should be
replaced by stainless steel. Finally, a trap column can be used at the most down
gradient point before the solvent mixer [52].
4.4 MALICIOUS CONTAMINATION OF FOOD
A relatively recent example of malicious contamination of food for monetary gain is
the addition of Sudan dyes to chili powder to enhance the physical characteristics
of the spice and gain a larger pro
t. Sudan dyes are azo-dyes (Figure 4.6) and the
