Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
8
Natural Ga
s Storage
KentF.Perry
CONTENTS
Introduction ......................................................................................................... 213
Historical Development of Underground Natural Gas Storage .................. 214
Key Trends Influencing Future Value of Natural Gas Storage ..................... 217
Types of Natural Gas Storage............................................................................ 217
Depleted Reservoir Storage .......................................................................... 218
Aquifer Storage............................................................................................... 219
Salt Cavern Storage ........................................................................................ 219
Liquid Natural Gas ........................................................................................ 220
Pipeline Capacity............................................................................................ 221
Gas Holders..................................................................................................... 221
Role of Gas Storage in Transmission and Distribution.................................. 222
Customer Segments ............................................................................................ 223
LDCs................................................................................................................. 224
Suppliers and Aggregators ........................................................................... 224
Intrastate Pipelines......................................................................................... 225
Interstate Pipelines ......................................................................................... 225
Producers......................................................................................................... 225
Customer Segments Summary.......................................................................... 226
Economics of Storage.......................................................................................... 226
Evolution of Storage ........................................................................................... 228
Gas Storage Technology Development ............................................................ 228
Gas Storage and CO
2
Sequestration ................................................................. 229
References............................................................................................................. 235
Introduction
The first recorded natural gas storage facility was a depleted gas reservoir
converted in 1915 in Welland County, Ontario, Canada. Storage plays a key
role in the U.S. natural gas industry, allowing it to smooth the differences
between production patterns and gas demand and minimize the costs of
