Tooth Model in Orthodontics and Prosthodontics - Computational Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System - page 255

20 Tooth Model in Orthodontics

and Prosthodontics

Chao Wang, Yi Zhang, Wei Yao, and Yubo Fan

ContentS
Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 255
20.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 256
20.2 Model Development ............................................................................................................ 257
20.2.1 Finite Element Model of the Jawbone, Natural Tooth, and
Dental Implant....................................................................................................... 257
20.2.2 Mechanoregulation Bone Remodeling Algorithms ............................................... 259
20.3 Applications in Tooth Movement and Dental Implantation ................................................ 263
20.3.1 Simulation of Orthodontic Tooth Movement ........................................................ 263
20.3.2 Simulation of Alveolar Bone Remodeling Induced by Implant-Supported
Fixed Partial Denture with or without Cantilever Extension ................................ 264
20.3.3 Simulation of the Bone Remodeling Process of the Internal Bone
Architecture around the Dental Implant................................................................ 264
20.4 Model Validation ................................................................................................................. 265
20.4.1 Orthodontic Tooth Movement ............................................................................... 265
20.4.2 Trabecular Structure around Dental Implant ......................................................... 266
20.4.3 Alveolar Bone Remodeling Induced by Implant-Supported Restorations ............ 266
20.5 Conclusions ......................................................................................................................... 267
Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................... 267
References ...................................................................................................................................... 267

Summary
This chapter focuses on two specific fields: orthodontics and prosthodontics. Although finite
element analysis (FEA) as a numerical technique has been widely used in the field of dental
biomechanics to assess engineering and biomechanical problems, new methods should be devel-
oped to offer a more detailed understanding of the alveolar bone response to dental treatment.
This chapter reviews the development and application of bone remodeling simulation techniques
in the field of dentistry. Three numerical models are presented to illustrate the role of bone
remodeling simulations in the dental biomechanical research. In the study of orthodontic tooth
movement, both external and internal remodeling mechanisms were incorporated into the tooth
movement algorithms to predict the position of the tooth and changes in alveolar bone density.
In the study of internal bone architecture around dental implants, the morphology of trabeculae
was reconstructed using combined bone remodeling simulation techniques. In the case of alveo-
lar bone remodeling induced by implant-supported restorations, the different bone response
induced by different dental restorations was assessed. It is hoped that such simulation method-
ology can be helpful in improving the effectiveness and reliability of future dental treatments.

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