Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
O
CH
3
O
H
OH
O
O
CH
3
CH
3
Hydrolysis
CH
3
CH
3
carbofuran
(2,2-dimethyl-3H-benzofuran-7-yl) N-methylcarbamate
carbofuran phenol
2,2-dimethyl-3H-benzofuran-7-ol
Oxidation
Oxidation
O
CH
3
O
H
OH
O
O
CH
3
CH
3
Hydrolysis
CH
3
CH
3
OH
OH
3-hydroxycarbofuran
(2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxybenzofuran-7-yl) N-methylcarbamate
3-hydroxycarbofuran phenol
2,2-dimethyl-3H-benzofuran-3,7-diol
Oxidation
Oxidation
O
CH
3
O
H
OH
O
O
Hydrolysis
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
O
O
3-ketocarbofuran
(2,2-dimethyl-3-ketobenzofuran-7-yl) N-methylcarbamate
3-ketocarbofuran phenol
7-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-3-one
Figure 1.9
Degradation of carbofuran to metabolites by oxidation and hydrolysis
either compound could be an issue, it would nevertheless seem prudent to analyse samples for carbo-
furan and carbosulfan (and any other structurally similar compounds), in addition to any known pri-
mary metabolites and degradation products, where feasible. Note that HPLC-MS/MS using multiple
reaction monitoring (MRM), discussed in the following section, can differentiate and unequivocally
identify these compounds, but such advanced analytical techniques are not available worldwide,
particularly in developing countries.
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