Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 9.4
The six substances A-F under investigation build a system, which is characterized by
horizontal relationships (dichromate syntheses) and by vertical relationships (test reactions)
Table 9.2
Test results for everyday products
Alcohols Esters Carboxylic acids Household substances
ADCFB E 12345
Dichromate test
+
+
+
+
-
-
-
+
+
+
-
BTB test
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
-
-
-
-
Cerium nitrate test
+
+
-
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
-
Rojahn test
-
-
+
+
-
-
-
-
+
+
-
Iron chloride test
-
-
-
-
+
L
+
u
+
L
----
Iodoform test
+
-
+
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
1
¼
vinegar or vinegar essence
2
¼
alcoholic drinks
3
¼
spot remover (e.g., “spot devil”)
4
¼
nail polish cleanser (e.g., Ellocar)
5
¼
nail polish cleanser (e.g., Margret Astor)
The following conclusions can be drawn (from the reference table, i.e., from the
student's point of view):
- Vinegar only contains carboxylic acid B
¼
ethanoic acid
¼
acetic acid
- Alcoholic beverages contain alcohol A
ethanol. Therefore, ethanol is drink-
ing alcohol. But the test results do not show if alcohol A is the only alcohol. The
¼
