Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
13.4
Result and Discussion
13.4.1
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
FTIR spectra of whiskers, CAB and various percentages of whiskers-i lled CAB are
shown in Figure 13.1. h e characteristic bands that appeared are listed in Table 13.2.
h e OH bonds stretching generally detected in the range of wave number 3500-3100
cm
-1
and its position depending on the polymer, casting solution and casting condi-
tions [12]. Whiskers O-H stretching observed by the broad wave number with peak
centered at 3325 cm
-1
. h e O-H stretching found for CAB at peak 3482 cm
-1
and the
band shit ed to 3475-3481 cm
-1
for nanocomposite samples. Figure 13.1 reveals that the
increased amount of whiskers seems to have no alteration on peak intensity of nano-
composite. h is observation indicates no intermolecular hydrogen bonding between
CAB and whiskers. h is is expected since whiskers have hydrophilic property, while
Table 13.2
FTIR characteristic peaks of KW, CAB and KW/CAB samples.
Kenaf
whiskers
peak (cm
-1
)
CAB (cm
-1
)
Kenaf whiskers-reinforced CAB
nanocomposite peak (cm
-1
)
Assignment
11-13
2.5%
5%
7.5%
10%
3325
3482
3481
3475
3481
3475
O-H stretching
2892
2958
2956
2939
2958
2960
C-H stretching
-
1738
1739
1738
1738
1738
C = O stretching
1323
1368
1369
1369
1369
1369
C-H bending
-
1226
1227
1227
1228
1240
C-O single bond
stretching
1025
1041
1040
1038
1038
1027
-
1163
1163
1163
1163
1161
C-O-C asymmetrical
stretching
-
802
803
802
804
797
(
a
)
797
(
b
)
(
c
)
1163
(
d
)
1227
(
e
)
1738
1041
(
f
)
2892
1323
3325
3800
3300
2800
2300
3800
1300
800
300
Wavenumber
Figure 13.1
FTIR spectra of whiskers, CAB and various percentages of whiskers-i lled CAB.
