Hardware Reference
In-Depth Information
Arduino made the board design open source, but it still produces its own
boards. These boards are known as ofi cial boards. Other companies also make
Arduino-compatible boards.
Arduino Uno
The Arduino Uno is the “standard” Arduino board and the most readily available.
It is powered by an Atmel ATmega328, with a total of 32 KB of l ash memory,
2 KB of SRAM, and 1 KB of EEPROM memory. With a total of 14 digital I/O pins
and 6 analog I/O pins, this is a very capable device, able to run most programs.
An on-board ATmega16u2 chip manages serial communication. It is one of the
least expensive boards and the most used. When starting a new project, if you
do not know what Arduino to use, start with the Uno, as shown in Figure 1-3.
Figure 1-3:
The Arduino Uno
Arduino Leonardo
The Arduino Leonardo is slightly different to the Uno. Based on the ATmega32u4,
this microcontroller has enhanced USB capabilities and therefore does not require
a dedicated microchip for USB serial communication like the Uno. One advan-
tage to this is cost; one less microchip means a cheaper solution. It also means
that a developer can use the microcontroller as a native USB device, increasing
l exibility in the communication with a computer. The Leonardo can effectively
emulate a keyboard and mouse via USB HID, as shown in Figure 1-4.
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