Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 4.6 Factors associated with adult diet and energy adequacy
(linear regression model)
Non-standardized
coe
cients
Standardized
coe
cients
Student
t
P-
value
Standard error
0.000
(Constant)
79.825
8.533
9.354
Suburb type
2.295
2.846
0.046
0.806
0.421
Sex of head
1.190
3.181
0.021
0.374
0.708
0.002
Participation in UA
10.281
3.084
0.131
3.333
0.015
Head's contribution to UA
9.755
3.969
0.133
2.458
Health status of head
0.733
3.915
0.010
0.187
0.852
Plot ownership
0.223
2.968
0.004
0.075
0.940
0.001
House ownership
10.946
2.756
0.234
3.972
0.001
Household size
4.036
0.615
0.378
6.561
Within-yard cultivation
0.744
2.756
0.016
0.270
0.787
Open-space cultivation
1.516
3.545
0.028
0.427
0.669
0.020
Plot cultivation
7.962
6.546
0.077
1.216
0.008
Informal employment
6.745
2.532
0.140
2.663
Formal employment
2.547
1.611
0.084
1.581
0.345
Adjusted R
2
¼ 0:487; Durbin-Watson ¼1.653;
Significant at the 0.05 level.
were found between energy adequacy and household size, the head's
contribution to UA labour, plot cultivation, per capita expenditure (which is
being used as a proxy for income) and house ownership. Age and gender of
the head of household and the type of suburb were not significantly associated
with household energy adequacy.
As expected, households with more members were more likely to have
lower energy adequacy values than those with fewer household members. This
finding is consistent with ZIMVAC findings in both their urban and their
rural assessments (ZIMVAC, 2003). Households whose heads contributed to
UA labour were more likely to meet more of their energy requirements and be
more food secure, according to the bivariate analyses already mentioned.
Urban agriculture taking place in spaces ocially designated for UA - in
contrast to in open spaces and small yards - was associated with a
significantly greater energy adequacy. Therefore, households practising UA on
plots are more likely to be food secure than those who are using open spaces
and yards within residential areas.
Home owners had significantly higher energy adequacy compared with
lodgers, leaseholders and those in accommodations provided by their
company or employer. This might be because households that own their
homes take much of the land on-plot if they are subletting from other renters
and have greater claim to open spaces by virtue of long periods of residence in
the suburbs (Mwakiwa, 2004).
