Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
5 ControlModelsof
TourismDevelopment
andConservation
ManagementwithRespect
toIndigenousCulture
Shiau-Yun Lu
CONTENTS
Central Control Conservation Model and the Indigenous Culture .......................... 48
Co-Management Model and Indigenous Culture..................................................... 50
Indigenous Sovereignty Model ................................................................................ 52
Tourism Type and Control Power ............................................................................ 53
Development Stages on Indigenous Land................................................................ 54
The Relationship among Control Power, Development, and Tourism Type............ 56
References................................................................................................................ 57
The ecocultural landscape of the Iraqi marshlands has the potential to be a major
tourist destination (as suggested in Chapters 12, 13, 15, and 16). In many parts of the
world, the most biologically diverse lands and treasure grounds from the perspective
of conservationists are homelands of indigenous peoples (such as the Marsh Arabs
of southern Iraq), who have lived on the lands for generations and form their own
culture, language, and identity (Abrahams 1994). The traditional worldwide conser-
vation concept is to set aside these lands as nature reserve areas based on the advice
of people outside the area and on strong control from a mainstream sovereign. In
a good scenario, the indigenous people living in the reserved areas are told about
the plan. In a worst-case scenario, these indigenous people would lose the right to
practice their original lifestyle and would even have to move out of the reserve areas
(Dasmann 1991). Thus, the conflict between conservation and indigenous commu-
nity emerges, and similar situations can be found all around the world with different
contexts and geographic environments.
The key issue of this conflict lies in the different interest groups, who have vested
interests in the same piece of land and natural resources and different definitions
47
 
Search WWH ::




Custom Search