Stability Analysis - Mechanics of Structures: Variational and Computational Methods - page 680

FIGURE 11.17
Introduction of imperfections.

TABLE 11.6
Comparison of the Results
First Order Second Order

(Linear) Without Imperfections With Imperfections

U 2 − 0 . 07831 − 0 . 15417 − 0 . 17387

2 0.00553 0.01210 0.013556

M 1

584.2 1055.5 1211.2

M 2 − 363.8 − 704.8 − 780.0

V 1 − 154.5 − 233.9 − 253.9

V 2

− 82.5 − 161.9 − 181.9

V 2 66.4 100.5 108.0

V 3 6.4 40.5 48.0

V 3 0.0 79.4 99.4

N 1 − 1116.4 − 1150.5 − 1158.0

N 2 0.0 − 79.4 − 99.4

N 3 2052.0

Subscripts and superscripts refer to nodes and elements, respectively.
For example, U 2 is the horizontal displacement of node 2.

− 2093.6 − 2059.5 −