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Form the transformation matrix X
[ x 1 x 2 x 3 ]. Use this matrix, along with M of Eq. (9) of
Example 10.1 and K of Eq. (11) of Chapter 5, Example 5.5, to compute M 1 , K 1 , C 1 , and F 1 ,
using Eqs. (10.133) through (10.136)
=
1
.
00000
0
0
M 1
=
0
1
.
00000
0
(5)
0
0
1
.
00000
10 4
10 4
10 4
3
.
42824
×
3
.
99727
×
2
.
28076
×
10 4
10 6
10 6
K 1
=
3
.
99727
×
3
.
19139
×
1
.
82093
×
(6)
10 4
10 6
10 6
2
.
28075
×
1
.
82093
×
2
.
71161
×
0
.
000625
0
0
C 1
=
0
0
.
000625
0
(7)
0
0
0
.
000625
10 1
10 1
10 1 ]
F 1 =
[0
.
77242
×
0
.
90063
×
0
.
51388
×
(8)
As expected, this condensed mass matrix M 1 , is diagonal. The condensed system equations
are given by Eq. (10.132), M 1 y
+
C 1
y
˙
+
K 1 y
=
F 1 g
(
t
).
Integrate this relation and calculate
the displacements V using Eq. (10.131).
The Wilson
method applied to the Ritz vector equations leads to the same results as
given in Example 10.11 for the Wilson
θ
θ
method.
References
Bathe, K.J., 1982, Finite Element Procedures in Engineering Analysis , Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs,
NJ.
Bathe, K.J. and Wilson, E.L., 1973, Stability and accuracy analysis of the direct integration method,
Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dynam. , Vol. 1, pp. 283-291.
Bayo, E.P. and Wilson, E.L., 1984, Use of Ritz vectors in wave propogation and foundation response,
Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dynam. , Vol. 12, pp. 499-505.
Cook, R.D., 1981, Concepts and Applications of Finite Element Analysis , 2nd ed., Wiley, NY.
Fergusson, N. and Pilkey, W.D., 1992, Frequency-dependent element mass matrices, J. Appl. Mech. ,
Vol. 59, pp. 136-139.
Fergusson, N. and Pilkey, W.D., 1993, Literature review of variants of the dynamic stiffness method,
Part 1: The dynamic element method, Shock and Vib. Digest , Vol. 25(2), pp. 3-12.
Fergusson, N. and Pilkey, W.D., 1993, Literature review of variants of the dynamic stiffness method,
Part 2: Frequency-dependent matrix and other corrective methods, Shock and Vib. Digest , Vol.
25(4), pp. 3-10.
Fried, I. and Malkus, D.S., 1975, Finite element mass matrix lumping by numerical integration with
no convergence rate loss, Int. J. Solids and Struct. , Vol. 11, pp. 461-466.
Guyan, R.J., 1965, Reduction of stiffness and mass matrices, AIAA J. , Vol. 3, p. 380.
Houbolt, J.C., 1950, A recurrence matrix solution for the dynamic response of elastic aircraft, J. Aero-
naut. Sci. , Vol. 17, pp. 540-550.
Hughes, T., 1987, The Finite Element Method , Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Kim, K., 1993, A review of mass matrices for eigenproblems, Comp. Struct. , Vol. 46, pp. 1041-1048.
Newmark, N.M., 1959, A method of computation for structural dynamics, Proc. ASCE , Vol. 85 (EM3),
Part 1, pp. 67-94.
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