Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Canyon
Alluvial fan
Mountain
front
FIGURE 2.30
Alluvial fan.
Oxbow lakes
Bar deposits
FIGURE 2.31
Example of fluvial bar sediment formation in a fully mature stream. (Photo by Daniel T. Rogers.)
3. Channel-top and bar-top sediments deposited on top of the bar sediments are
formed in the shallow water regions in channels and abandoned channels. These
types of deposits are generally sand and silt-sized deposits.
4. Floodplain sediments deposited when the water level rises above the confines of
the river or stream bank and overflow into the surrounding area. These deposits
tend to be fine-grained and are composed of sand, silts, and clays.
2.5.3 Lacustrine
Lacustrine sediments are lake deposits characterized by the presence of a range of fine-
grained sediments in deep water to coarse-grained sediments in shallow water near the
shoreline. Large lakes, such as the Great Lakes, may have well-defined and significant beach
deposits composed of sand and gravel. In some arid regions, such as the southwestern
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