Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 9.4 (continued)
Metal Distribution in the Geologic Units (in mg/kg)
a
Westernmost Geologic Units
Easternmost Geologic Units
Sandy and
Silty Clay
Layer
Moraine
Outwash
Sand
Silty Clay
Clay
Zinc
Surface
49 (76), 18
49 (16), 4
138 (112), 6
160 (96), 102
221 (416), 141
251 (439), 251
Subsurface
ND
ND
42 (79), 15
26 (40), 77
77 (115), 147
84.5 (85), 78
Lower clay
ND
42 (none), 1
31.7 (4.52) [2]
31 (22), 8
56 (14.5), 32
36.4 (6.4), 62
a
Concentrations are derived from Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) files. The first
number listed in each cell is the measured concentration in mg/kg; values in parentheses are standard
deviations; those following the comma are the sample counts.
b
ND = no data.
TABLE 9.5
Mean Concentration of Metals in Surface and Subsurface Soils Relative to
Land Use
Commercial
Residential
Industrial
Metal
N
X
Φ
N
X
Φ
N
X
Φ
(a) Surface soil
As
205
5.1
5.5
77
6.3
4
201
7
9
Ba
151
69
66
71
128
135
118
148
222
Cd
234
2.2
1.5
80
1.1
1.1
151
4.5
13
Cr
282
27
83
67
31
52
197
55
159
Cu
205
32
60
82
30
39
377
113
269
Pb
418
93
300
535
160
250
893
150
380
Hg
167
0.2
0.24
58
0.08
0.07
120
0.2
0.3
Ni
151
16
9.8
35
24
29
132
58
150
Se
164
0.6
0.3
57
0.8
0.8
113
1.9
2.2
Ag
152
0.5
0.2
54
0.8
0.5
114
2.3
2.2
Zn
202
130
310
81
120
124
239
257
534
(b) Subsurface soil
As
95
5.6
4.0
78
2.3
4.2
108
7.1
4.2
Ba
90
55
25
70
61
37
82
76
24
Cd
306
0.5
1.5
86
0.4
0.5
102
1.9
2.5
Cr
292
11.6
14
96
25.4
38
104
27
35
Cu
98
20
14
94
26
57
126
14
17
Pb
906
20
60
220
34
77
185
39
72
Hg
88
0.05
0.01
53
0.1
0.8
85
0.08
0.05
Ni
3
36
3
18
11
7
38
14.5
24
Se
90
0.8
0.6
53
0.35
0.2
82
0.9
0.9
Ag
67
0.6
0.4
48
0.5
1.1
72
2.2
4
Zn
94
67
137
98
66
80
15
60
60
Note:
N = number of samples; X = Mean (mg/kg); Φ = Standard Deviation.
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