Database Reference
In-Depth Information
OUTFLOWS:
DYING INFECTED VECTOR
=
VECTOR DR * VECTOR INFECTED
VECTOR UNINFECTED(t)
=
VECTOR UNINFECTED(t
−
dt)
+
(HATCHING
INFECTING) * dt
INIT VECTOR UNINFECTED
−
DEATH
−
=
1500
INFLOWS:
HATCHING
=
EGGS * HATCH
OUTFLOWS:
DEATH
VECTOR DR * VECTOR UNINFECTED
INFECTING
=
=
INFECTION RATE TEMP * VECTOR UNINFECTED
Base temp
15
Daily mean Temp
=
=
25
+
15*SIN(2*PI*TIME/12)
DDAY
=
if Daily mean Temp
+
15
<
Base temp or Daily mean Temp
+
15
>
Top Temp then 0 else (Daily mean Temp
+
15
−
Base temp)/2
EGG DR
=
(1
−
(EXP(LOGN(SURVIVAL PB) * MATURE R * DT)/DT))
EGG RATE
=
0.6
HATCH
MATURE R * EXP(LOGN(SURVIVAL PB) * DT * MATURE R)
INFECTION RATE
=
BITING RATE VECTOR * PP of INFECTED POP *
VERT TO VECTOR * VECTOR TO VERT * PREVALENCE
INFECTION RATE TEMP
=
=
if DDAY
>
Base temp or Base temp
<
Top Temp
then INFECTION RATE else 0
MATURE R
0.2
PP of INFECTED POP
=
=
INFECTED POP/UNINFECTED POP
PREVALENCE
=
0.0186
SURVIVAL PB
=
RANDOM(0.5, 0.7)
Top Temp
30
VECTOR CONTROL
=
=
1
VECTOR DR
(EXP(LOGN(VECTOR SURVIVAL PB))))/DT
VECTOR SURVIVAL PB
=
(1
−
=
Random(0.6,0.8)/VECTOR CONTROL
4.2 Sickle Cell Anemia and Malaria in Balance
4.2.1 Sickle Cell Anemia
Sickle cell disease is an inherited disorder of the red blood cells. It is inherited as an
autosomal recessive trait. Someone who inherits hemoglobin S from one parent and
the normal hemoglobin A from the other parent will have the sickle cell trait. In an
unaffected individual, red blood cells are doughnut-shaped and contain hemoglobin,
the oxygen carrying protein. In a person who has sickle cell anemia, however, the
hemoglobin is in the shape of a sickle. As a result, the cells function abnormally and
cause small blood clots by sticking to each other on the walls of the bloodstream.
These clots give rise to recurrent painful episodes called “sickle cell pain crises.”
