Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
4
Aqueous Solutions
of Metal Ions
Orkid Coskuner and Thomas C. Allison*
CONTENTS
4.1. Introduction................................................................................................... 107
4.2. Methods......................................................................................................... 112
4.3. Results.and.Discussion.................................................................................. 116
4.3.1. Studies.of.the.Mechanism.of.Water.Dissociation.in.Aqueous.
Solutions.of.Fe
3+
.and.Cr
3+
.Ions.......................................................... 116
4.3.2. Single.Ion.and.Dimerization.Studies.of.Al
3+
.in.Water...................... 118
4.3.3. Mechanism.of.Water.Dissociation.in.Aqueous.Solutions.of.As
3+
.
and.As
5+
.Ions..................................................................................... 125
4.4. Conclusion..................................................................................................... 127
References.............................................................................................................. 128
4.1 INTRODUCTION
Metal. ions. play. crucial. roles. in. diverse. areas. such. as. medicine,. nanotechnology,.
catalysis,.environmental.sciences,.and.geochemistry..For.example,.the.chemistry.of.
metal.ions.with.biomolecules.and.organic.compounds.is.extremely.important.for.a.
wide. range. of. medicinal. and. environmental. processes. that. depend. on. metal. ions.
as. active. participants. [1-3].. Organic. complexes. that. coordinate. to. metal. ions. are.
becoming. increasingly. prevalent. as. therapeutic. agents. for. treating. a. wide. variety.
of. metabolic. disorders. and. diseases.. For. instance,. cisplatin. has. been. shown. to. be.
toxic.to.cancer.cells.(see.Chapter.1.for.a.more.detailed.discussion.of.cisplatin).and.
the.platinum-based.compound.known.as.“
trans
,
trans
,
trans
-Pt(N
3
)
2
(OH)
2
(NH
3
)(py)”.
has.been.shown.to.be.highly.toxic.and.less.stable.than.cisplatin..It.is.between.13.and.
80.times.more.toxic.to.cancer.cells.than.cisplatin.and.kills.cancer.cells.via.a.differ-
ent.mechanism.so.it.can.also.kill.cisplatin-resistant.cancer.cells..When.we.consider.
that.most.biological.processes.occur.in.solution.and.that.the.human.body.consists.of.
∼60%.water,.the.role.of.the.aqueous.solution.environment.on.the.structure-function.
relationships.of.metal.ion-based.organometallic.drugs.cannot.be.ignored.
In.environmental.sciences,.understanding.the.interactions.of.metal.ions.that.are.
toxic.to.plants.and.organisms.and.that.are.constituents.of.natural.and.wastewaters.
*
.
Contribution.of.the.National.Institute.of.Standards.and.Technology.
107
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