Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 8.2.
Recent studies on the inactivation of foodborne pathogens during composting of animal manure
Composting Trial
Pathogens
Initial Count
(log CFU/g)
Temp.
Range ( ° C)
Length of Survival (Day)
References
Under controlled environment
Cow manure and dried sawdust
(Forced air)
E. coli
O157:H7
7
45 - 48
< 3
Lung and
others 2001
22 - 33
No change in counts
S
. Enteritidis
7
45 - 48
<
2
22 - 33
No change in counts
Cow manure, wheat straw,
cottonseed meal (forced air)
E. coli
O157:H7
7
50 - 69
>
7 but
<
14
Jiang and
others 2003a
21 - 68
>
36
In fi eld
Ovine and bovine manure
(turned and unturned)
E. coli
O15:H7
ca. 3 - 6
Not recorded
>47 in aerated bovine manure heap
Kudva and
others 1998
>120 in aerated sheep manure heap
>630 unaerated sheep manure heap
Cattle, sheep or pig wastes
mixed with bedding (turned
and unturned)
Salmonella
6
15 - > 50
93 in beef cattle compost
Huchison and
others 2005
E. coli
O15:H7
6
15 - >50
93 in beef cattle and sheep compost
Listeria
6
15 - > 50
93 in beef cattle compost
Campylobacter
6
15 - > 50
62 in beef cattle compost
Dairy cattle and pig farmyard
manure, broiler litter (turned
and unturned)
Salmonella
3.2 - 4.5
30 -
>
55
<
4
Nicholson and
others 2005
E. coli
O15:H7
2.7 - 5.2
30 -
>
55
<
8
Listeria
2.2 - 4.9
30 - > 55
< 4
Campylobacter
2.1 - 4.2
30 - > 55
< 4
Dairy manure, sawdust, feed,
bedding (turned)
E. coli
O157:H7
7
25 - 65
>14 but < 21 (center of heap)
Shepherd and
others 2007
5
12 - 62
>5 but <7 (center of heap)
>120 on the surface of two trials
Cow manure
(turned and unturned)
5.45 - 6.81
20 - 68
Fremaux and
others 2007a
Shiga - toxin producing
>42 in turned heaps
E. coli
>90 in unturned heap
D-values of 0.48 and 2.39 days in the
center and the base, respectively
