Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 8.1.
Continued
Pathogen
Product
Contaminated
Number
of Cases
Y e a r ,
Location
Comments
References
Salmonella
Alfalfa Sprouts
242
1995, U.S.
Exposure to feces from rodents, birds, or other animals during
pre- or postharvest was suspected.
Mahon and others 1997
Alfalfa and
clover sprouts
60
1997, U.S.
Contaminated seeds due to the use of contaminated fertilizers or
grazing livestock in seed harvesting areas were suspected.
Mohle - Boetani and others
2001
Cantaloupes
24
1997, U.S.
The imported products contaminated via birds, rodents, or
untreated manure were suspected.
Mohle - Boetani and others
1999
47
2000, U.S.
Irrigation water contaminated with sewage was implicated for
cantaloupe contamination.
CDC 2002
50
2001, U.S.
As above.
CDC 2002
58
2002, U.S.
As above.
CDC 2002
Tomatoes
82
2005, U.S.
Contaminated irrigation water or animal droppings were
suspected; animal feces were present in and around drainage
ditches where tomatoes were grown.
CDC 2007
Orange juice
(unpasteurized)
62
1995, U.S.
Possible contamination routes of dropped oranges included
direct contact with animals, soil, contaminated irrigation
water, or improperly treated manure used as fertilizer.
Cook and others 1998
L. monocytogenes
Coleslaw
41
1981, Canada
Cabbage used in the coleslaw was grown in fi eld where raw and
composted sheep manure were applied.
Schlech and others 1983
Y. pseudotuberculosis
Lettuce
47
1998, Finland
Deer fecal matter was heavily present in lettuce fi elds.
Nuorti and others 2004
Carrots
76
2003, Finland
Contamination was thought to have occurred due to exposure to
wildlife feces during storage.
Jalava and others 2006
V. cholerae
Cabbage
71
1991, Peru
Farmers commonly irrigated crops with untreated sewage.
Swerdlow and others
1992
C. parvum
Unpasteurized
apple juice
160
1993, U.S.
Manure contamination was likely;
Cryptosporidium
oocysts
were detected in calf feces on farm.
Millard and others 1994
Hepatitis A
Salad items
30
1996, Finland
Two separate outbreaks occurred during the same time interval.
Imported salad products were treated with contaminated
irrigation water identifi ed as transmission vehicle.
Pebody and others 1998
