Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
In vitro
culture studies have been used to demonstrate that scFOS is selectively uti-
lized by bacteria, particularly by bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (Table 2.2, Table 2.3,
and Table 2.4). McKellar et al. (1993) tested the growth of 43 species/strains of bifi-
dobacteria at 37°C for 48 hours and reported that all grew on scFOS, as measured by
optical density (Table 2.4). Separately, Kaplan and Hutkins (2000) tested the ability
of 28 species/strains of lactic acid bacteria to ferment the isolated pure scFOS, with
fermentation measured as a colored zone around the colonies growing on the agar
Table 2.2 bacterial utilization of scFos
No. of
strains
No. of
strains
species
growth
a
species
growth
a
Bifidobacterium
adolescentis
4
++
Bacteroides
melaninogenicus
1
++
Bifidobacterium
longum
3
++
Fusobacterium varium
2
-
Bifidobacterium breve
3
+
Megamonas hypermegas
2
++
Bifidobacterium
infantis
2
++
Mitsuokella multiacidus
2
Variable
Bifidobacterium
bifidum
2
-
Escherichia coli
2
-
Lactobacillus
acidophilus
3
-
Klebsiella pneumoniae
1
++
Lactobacillus
fermentum
4
-
Enterococcus faecalis
1
+
Lactobacillus
salivarius
2
+
Enterococcus faecium
1
+
Lactobacillus casei
1
-
Streptococcus intermedius
2
++
Lactobacillus
plantarum
1
+
Peptostreptococcus
prevotii
1
-
Eubacterium
aerofaciens
1
+
Peptostreptococcus
parvulus
1
++
Eubacterium limosum
1
-
Clostridium perfringens
4
-
Eubacterium lentum
1
-
Clostridium difficile
2
-
Propionibacterium
acnes
1
-
Clostridium paraputrificum
2
-
Bacteroides fragilis
4
++
Clostridium clostridiforme
2
+
Bacteroides
thetaiotaomicron
3
++
Clostridium ramosum
2
+
Bacteroides vulgatus
2
++
Clostridium butyricum
1
++
Bacteroides distasonis
1
++
Veillonella dispar
2
-
Bacteroides ovatus
1
++
Megasphaera elsdenii
1
-
a
bacterial growth after 48-hour incubation; growth score judged by measurement of optical
density and pH. ++, same level of growth compared to glucose; +, weaker growth compared
to glucose; -, no growth.
Source:
adapted from Hidaka et al., 1986.
