Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
14
ChAPTEr
Anticarcinogenic Effects of Probiotics,
Prebiotics, and synbiotics
Shalini Jain, Mukesh Yadav, Saji Menon,
Hariom Yadav, and Francesco Marotta
CoNTENTs
14.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 273
14.2 Carcinogenesis Process in Colorectal Cancer .............................................. 274
14.3 Anticarcinogenic Potential of Probiotics and Prebiotics .............................. 276
14.3.1 Changes in Colon pH........................................................................ 281
14.3.2 Altering Xenobiotic Metabolism in Gut System .............................. 281
14.3.3 Modulation of Immune Response..................................................... 283
14.3.3.1 Reduction of Intestinal Inflammation ................................ 285
14.3.4 Antioxidant Properties...................................................................... 285
14.3.5 Desmutagenicity ............................................................................... 287
14.4 Conclusions................................................................................................... 287
References .............................................................................................................. 287
14.1 INTroDuCTIoN
Cancer is a complex disorder, characterized by the uncontrolled growth and
spread of abnormal cells. The prevalence of cancer is increasing rapidly and it has
been predicted that the prevalence will increase further in the coming years. At pres-
ent, around the world, more than 10 million cancer cases occur annually. Cancer is a
leading cause of death around the world, causing more than 6 million deaths a year.
The exact causes of most types of cancer are still not known, and there is not yet a
cure for cancer. It is known that the risk of developing many types of cancer can be
reduced by adopting certain lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and eating a
nutritional balanced diet.
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