Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
a
c
e
b
d
f
Fig. 5.6 Development of 12-turbine OWF effect (OWFr-REFr) with time along S-N cross
section through the OWF at surface for (a) surface elevation ΞΆ ,(b) horizontal velocity field, (c)
velocity component u ,(d) velocity component v (e) at 2-m depths and (f) at 12-m depths for
velocity component w . Time range comprises 30 days of constant operating of wind turbines.
OWF district is marked with dashed-dotted lines
(see Fig. 5.6c-d ). A maximum increase counts 0.08 and 0.05 m/s for u - and v -
components.
The magnitude of the vertical velocity cells increases with time and is shown in
Fig. 5.6e-f . The dimension of the cells leads to a diameter of 15 km along the y -
section for both. At the surface, their increase stops and the magnitude of cells
pulses a little bit due to the horizontal velocity field. In 12-m depths at the
thermocline, the cells become nearly symmetric with maximal velocities of around
6.0
10 5 m/s, which is in accordance with 5.18 m/d, which again would end in an
overturning after 11.57 days. Besides the two main cells, additional areas are
affected by mostly downwelling from day 6 on.
While vertical cells appear to be symmetric after 20 days of simulation, changes
in the hydrographic conditions are dominated by the cooling of the southern area at
the surface, which becomes saltier and so denser, Fig. 5.7 . A cooling is expected
due to the transportation of warmer water to the depth and of cooler water to the top.
At the thermocline, the warming is more distinct and the decrease with time is
clearly visible, even its dispersion in the horizontal. The warming in the south is
connected with an additional vertical downward motion between days 9 and 20. At
the surface, a maximal decrease of
1.8 C is simulated and at the thermocline, of
2.95 C, and the warming starts at the thermocline with 1.75 C, Fig. 5.7 . While
temperature/salinity maxima are first concentrated at the vertical motion cells,
Search WWH ::




Custom Search