Mechanical management of weeds - Ecological Management of Agricultural Weeds - page 194

machines is frustrating and potentially interferes with timely use of the
implement.
Guidance systems that allow controlled cultivation of small plants are also
sorely needed. An important application of these will be for cultivation of
crops planted in close rows (Olsen, 1995).
Finally, further research is needed on the integration of mechanical weed
management with other ecological and chemical weed management tactics.
The complexity of the potential interactions indicates that this work will need
to extend beyond multifactorial empirical studies.Apromising approach may
be to link crop-weed competition models, which typically take weed density
as an external forcing function,with weed population models,which focus on
weed density, but generally take a simplified approach to competition.
Despite the long history of tillage and cultivation, much biological and agro-
nomic research is still needed to achieve the full potential of this ancient
approach to weed management.
REFERENCES
Alström, S.(1990). Fundamentals of Weed Management in Hot Climate Peasant Agriculture .Crop
Production Science no.11.Uppsala, Sweden: Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences.
Andraski, B.J., Mueller, D.H., & Daniel,T.C.(1985).Effects of tillage and rainfall
simulation date on water and soil losses. Soil Science Society of America Journal ,49,
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Ascard, J.(1990).Thermal weed control in onions. Veröffentlichungen der Budesanstalt für
Agrarbiologie Linz/Donau ,20, 175-88.
Ascard, J.(1994 a ).Soil cultivation in darkness reduced weed emergence. Acta Horticulturae ,
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Ascard, J.(1994 b ). Dose-response models for flame weeding in relation to plant size and
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Ascard, J.(1995 a ).Thermal weed control by flaming: biological and technical aspects.
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Ascard, J.(1995 b ). Effects of flame weeding on weed species at different developmental
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Bakke,A.I., Gaessler,W.G., Pultz, L.M., & Salmon, S.C.(1944).Relation of cultivation to
depletion of root reserves in European bindweed at different soil horizons.
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Banting, J.D.(1966).Studies on the persistence of Avena fatua . Canadian Journal of Plant
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