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Fig. 4. Visualization of Telephone Calls from one Site - User Selected Groups are
Marked.
group B are to another two numbers. Most long distance ISDN calls are in
group B. All but one call in the group has these properties. Most calls in the
group are also charged at the same rate.
- About 80% of Group C calls are ISDN calls, and about 10% are from Pay-
phones. About one third occur between 21:00 and 22:59, and about one half
start at 15 minutes past the hour. Most are long distance calls. About 50%
of the calls are very long, lasting between 8 and 15.5 hours.
For this data set, Haiku discovers some very interesting facts about the calling
patterns of a company. Notice that we can produce short, comprehensible rules
that cover a significant portion of the data set, which are intrinsically much more
usable than detailed descriptions of 100% of the data. These insights can then
be used by the company to optimize their phone usage, or, as for this study,
to feed back to the telecoms company some concepts for marketing and billing
strategies.
4 Survey of Relevant Studies
4.1
Ambient and Virtual Reality Approaches to Data Mining
Ambient visualization systems are getting closer to becoming commonplace. Real
and immersive 3D visualization system are becoming cheaper (e.g. GeoWall [10])
and so are high-resolution multi screen or “tiled” displays such as those used
in the TeraScope system [11]. These hardware developments are reflected in a
growth in data mining and data visualization systems using virtual reality.
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