Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
1.
COOH
O
O UDP
COOH
Glucuronyl
transferase
O
O
H
H
+
+
UDP
OH
HO
OH
H
HO
OH
H
H
H
Phenol
H
OH
H
OH
Phenol glucuronide
2.
OH
N
N
O
-
O
OH
O SO
3
H
N
-
O
N
S
O
P
O
CH
2
Sulfo-
transferase
O
O
O
+ PAPS
+ ADP
Phenol
O
P
O
OH
-
O
O
-
PAPS (3-phosphoadenine
5-phosphosulfate)
3. (a) Substitution
Glycine
NHCH
2
COOH
Cl
Cl
CO
+
NO
2
Cl
GSH
NO
2
S
CH
2
CH
N
H
CO CH
2
CH
2
CHCOOH
+
H
+
+
Cl
1, 2, Dichloro-
4-nitrobenzene
(DCNB)
NH
2
Glutamate
Peptidase
attack
Glutathione conjugate
of DCNB
Cl
Cysteine conjugate
of DCNB
NO
2
S
CH
2
CH COOH
NH
2
Cl
Acetyl cysteine
(mercapturic acid)
conjugate of DCNB
NO
2
S
CH
2
CH COOH
HNCOCH
3
3. (b) Addition to epoxide
SG
Glutathione-S-
transferase
O
HO
+
GSH
HO
HO
OH
OH
Benzo(
a
)pyrene
7, 8-diol 9, 10-epoxide
fIgure 2.14
Phase 2 biotransformation—conjugation. (1) Glucuronide formation. (2)
Sulfate formation. (3) Glutathione conjugation.
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