Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
The interests and demands of international technology transfer in the low-carbon
technology sector at present is differentiated from that in the beginning of reform
and opening-up and of other small and medium-sized developing countries since
the technology innovation strategy, independent innovation, technology equipment
production and market scale are different now.
China has already strengthened its technology innovation after 30 years' fast
development since reform and opening-up despite the fact that China still is a
developing country. Georgia Institute of Technology in US rated the Technology
Standing Indicator of China as the first in the world in 2007
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while the technology
innovation of China ranked 54 in the World Economy Forum.
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Though the
rankings are in sharp contrast, it is undeniable that the technology innovation of
China is improving.
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Take clean coal technology as an example. The patents of
clean coal technology of China accounted for 12 % of the 7,752 clean coal patents
in the world, behind only the US and Japan from 2003 to 2007.
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The Chinese government's nationalization of major technology facilities made
tremendous achievements possible. China has not only successfully lowered the cost
of introducing foreign technologies, but also stimulated many independent innova-
tive technologies and enterprises, some of which stand at an advanced international
level by introducing foreign production licenses, production, technologies and
equipment from solely and joint-owned foreign enterprises.
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China's deployment
of the locally manufactured supercritical and super-critical coal powered gas
turbines, the most advanced coal power generation technology, is typical. By
2008, China accounted for 38 % of the total 713 supercritical and super-supercritical
coal power generations planned, in construction or operation worldwide.
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40
Porter, A.L., N.C. Newman, X-Y Jin, D.M. Johnson, and J.D. Roessner,
High tech indicators:
Technology-based competitiveness of 33 nations, 2007 Report.
Atlanta: Georgia Institute of
Technology,March28, 2008,
http://www.tpac.gatech.edu/hti2007/HTI2007TradReport2008mar4-
41
World Economic Forum (Lopez-Claros, A.),
The global competitiveness report 2006-2007
,
Geneva, Switzerland, published by Palgrave Macmillan, UK. 2006,
http://www.weforum.org/en/
42
Alan L. Porter, Nils C. Newman, J. David Roessner, David M. Johnson, and Xiao-Yin Jin
(Technology Policy and Assessment Center, Georgia Tech,)International high tech competitive-
ness: Does China rank #1?
Technology Analysis and Strategic Management
, 2009, Vol. 21, no. 2,
pp. 173-193.
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James Cust, Kate Grant, Ilian Iliev and Karsten Neuhoff, “International Cooperation for
Innovation and Use of Low-Carbon Energy Technology”, Nov 25, 2008, Climate Strategies,
44
Bo Wang, Can CDM bring technology transfer to China?—An empirical study of technology
transfer in China's CDM projects,
Energy Policy
, Volume 38, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages
2572-2585
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Ichiro Maeda, “Technology Transfer in the Power Sector”, Presentation at the Asia
Pacific
Partnership on Clean Development and Climate Sixth Policy and Implementation Committee
Meeting. October 30, 2008, Vancouver, BC.
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