Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
environmental access methods to strictly control the blind expansion of the back-
wards industries, resolutely curb overcapacity and low-level redundant construc-
tion, and strive to build a resource-saving and environmentally friendly industrial
and technological system. We need to first decide the total amount of acceptable
pollution according to the limited capacity of the regional environment and then
manage to control the total amount of emissions.
Second, new environmental problems are emerging—particularly hazardous
chemicals, persistent organic pollutants, electronic waste and so on. These
pollutants are more dangerous and potentially threaten human health.
Third, China's water and atmospheric environmental problems have not been
fully resolved yet, and soil contamination appears to be worsening. Water and soil
pollution caused by heavy metals has already become a serious threat to China's
ecology, food safety, public health and agricultural sustainability. Chinese soil
contamination shows the features of modern pollution, such as diverse sources,
complexity, concentration, greater permanence and high toxicity. Also, the type of
pollution is shifting from constant-scale pollution to micro-scale persistent toxic
pollution, especially in the fast-developing regions.
6.9.2 Indicators Regarding Climate Change, Environmental
Protection and Low-Carbon Economy in the 12th Five-year
Plan
The Chinese government has proposed several major environmental indicators in
the 12th Five-Year Plan. All of them are related to China's commitment to the
international community in the 2009 climate negotiations.
1. By 2020, proportion of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption will
reach 15 %.
2. Carbon intensity will decrease by 40-45 % compared to 2005 levels.
3. Forest area will increase by 40 million hectares compared to 2005, and forest
reserves will increase by 13 billion cubic meters.
6.9.3 Specific Targets of Environmental Protection in the 12th
Five-Year Plan
The sixth chapter, named “Green Development and Building a Resource-saving and
Environmentally Friendly Society”, of the 12th Five-Year Plan has clearly put
forward China's environmental policy response and specific environmental protec-
tion benchmarks for the 12th Five-Year Plan period (see Table
6.3
):
1. Proportion of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption is to reach 11.4 %;
2. Energy consumption per unit of GDP and carbon dioxide emission intensity will
decrease by 16 % and 17 %, respectively;
3. The total emission of major pollutants will decrease by 8-10 %;
