Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 4.6
Coal transport by railway in China
Coal
transport
volume (Mt)
Percentage in
total freight
volume (%)
Percentage in
total circular
volume (%)
Average
transport
distance (km)
Circular volume
of coal (Mt-km)
1990
628.7
43.0
344,640
325
548
1995
673.6
42.3
377,718
29.4
561
2000
685.5
41.4
380,605
28.5
555
2005
1,070.8
46.4
637,383
32.9
595
2006
1,120.3
45.8
672,849
33.1
601
2007
1,220.8
46.7
741,632
34.1
607
2008
1,343.3
49.0
836,028
35.8
622
2009
1,327.2
48.0
847,819
36.3
639
2010
1,560.2
50.6
1,001,551
39.1
642
2011
1,721.3
52.5
1,246,680
41.2
653
Resource: National Bureau of Statistics of China
Take coal transportation as an example. In freight transport by railway in 2011,
coal transport volume accounts for half of the total amount and coal circular volume
is 41.2 % of national total amount (see Table
4.6
). China possesses large quantity
and long distance in energy transportation. This not only occupies numerous
transportation capacity, which result in the transport construction failing to meet
the growing requirement, but also leads to traffic jam occurring frequently, which
severely affect the normal operation of national economy.
4.3
Sustainable Energy Development Strategy of China
Since the implementation of the Eleventh Five Year Plan, China's green energies enjoy
an unprecedented high-speed development. Hydroelectric installed capacity, utiliza-
tion volume of solar water heater, nuclear power scale under construction and wind
power installed capacity all rank the first place in the world. In the coming 10 years,
Chinese government establishes a much more grand green energy development objec-
tive. If China realizes the development goal for non-fossil fuels, utilization volume of
non-fossil fuels in 2020 will reach 700 million ton coal equivalent, even more. This
means in the next 10 years, utilization volume of non-fossil fuels will add at least over
400 million ton coal equivalent based on 277 million ton coal equivalent in 2010.
4.3.1 Enhance the Development of Green Energy
4.3.1.1 Actively Promote Hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity is the crucial component in realizing the promise of 15 % in
2020 to foreign countries. In 2012, China's hydroelectricity installed capacity
already reached 249 million kilowatt. From the future development trend, China's
