Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 14.1
Analytical methods involving bismuth electrodes.
Electrode
Technique
Analytes/Sample
Analytical characteristics
Ref.
Bi/poly(p-ABSA)/GCE
DPASV
Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II)/river water
LOD,
μ
g l
−1
: 0.80 (Pb); 0.63 (Cd); 0.62 (Zn)
6
Bi/Nf/GCE
DPASV
Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II)/vegetables
LOD,
μ
g l
−1
: 0.30 (Zn); 0.17 (Cd, Pb)
7
Bi/COC chip
electrode
SWASV
Pb(II), Cd(II)/soil pore, ground water
LOD: 8
μ
g l
−1
8
Bi/GCE
SWASV
Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Tl(I), In(III), Cu(II)
LOD,
μ
g l
−1
: 4 (Tl); 2 (In); 5 (Cu)
9
Bi/CPE
SWASV
Pb(II), Cd(II)
LOD,
μ
g l
−1
: 0.41 (Pb); 0.49 (Cd)
10
Bi/TBDOT/Nf/GCE
SWASV
Cd(II)
LOD, 1.3 × 10
−3
M
11
Bi/silicon wafer
SWASV
Pb(II), Cd(II)
LOD,
μ
g l
−1
: 5 (Cd), 3 (Pb)
12
Bi/Nf/2,2
′
-bipy/GCE
SWASV
Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II)/waters, wine
LOD, nM: 8.6 (Zn); 1.1 (Cd); 0.37 (Pb)
13
Bi/GCE
DPASV
Sn(II)/sea water
LOD, 0.26 ng l
−1
14
Bi/CuE
SWASV
Ni(II)/ground water, electrolytic bath
LOD, 0.1
μ
M
15
Bi/GCE or Bi/SPCE
SWAdSV with DTPA
Cr(VI)/river water
LOD, 0.3 nM
16
Bi
2
O
3
/SPCE
Chronopo-tentiometry
Pb(II)/soil, waste waters
LOD, 8
μ
M
17
Bi/CFMEs
SWAdCSV with Cp
U(VI)/sea water
LOD, 3
μ
M
18
Bi/SPCE
SWASV
Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II)/river water
LOD,
μ
g l
−1
: 1.3 (Pb), 0.7 (Cd), 12 (Zn)
19
Bi/GCE
SI-MFSA/ SWASV
Cd(II), Pb(II)/water
LOD,
μ
g l
−1
: 1.4 (Cd), 6.9 Pb(II)
20
Bi/Cnanofibres/Nf/
GCE
DPASV
Cd(II), Pb(II)/river water, human blood
LOD,
μ
g l
−1
: 0.09 (Cd(II); 0.02 (Pb(II)
21
Bi/GCE
SWAsSV with PAN
Fe(III)/sea water, reference materials
LOD: 0.1
μ
g l
-1
22
Bi/GCE
DPCSV
Se (IV)/multi-vitamin tablets, hair
L.R. 2-30
μ
g l
−1
; LOD: 0.1
μ
g l
−1
(300s)
23
Bi/GCE
SWASV
In(III), Cd(II), Pb(II)
L.R. 10-90
μ
g l
−1
In(III)
24
Bi/GCE
SWAdSV with Cp
Al(III)/water, dow metal, bronze
LOD: 0.5
μ
g l
−1
(240 s)
25
Bi (Se)/C electrode
SWCSV
As(III)/reference material, water
L.R. 0.01-1.0
μ
g l
−1
(30 s); LOD: 0.7 ng l
−1
26
Bi/rotating disc GCE
SWAdSV with DTPA
Cr(III), Cr(VI)/river water
LOD: 0336 nM (Cr VI)
27
