Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
12
Solid Phase Molecular Spectroscopy
Antonio Molina-Díaz, Juan Francisco García-Reyes and Natividad Ramos-Martos
Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry,
University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
In this chapter, the principles of solid phase molecular spectroscopy (SPMS) are presented, together
with its main contributions to the Green Analytical Chemistry field in both batch mode and flow-based
methodologies. Solid phase molecular absorption (spectrophotometry) and emission (fluorescence)
strategies and procedures will be presented and described from the point of view of the Green Analytical
Chemistry concept. Procedures based on the measurement of absorption or emission that is, solid phase
spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric procedures are discussed, paying particular attention to
those flow procedures based on the detection of an intrinsic analyte property, which exhibit features
that map well against Green Analytical Chemistry requirements. The main features of Flow Injection
Analysis, Multicommutation, Bead Injection and Sequential Injection Analysis concepts applied to
SPMS are addressed in detail. Finally, selected examples of flow SPMS application are presented and
the potential of this group of methodologies critically discussed and envisaged from the point of view
of Green Analytical Chemistry.
12.1
Solid phase molecular spectroscopy: an approach to Green Analytical Chemistry
Molecular spectroscopy comprises a suite of diverse analytical techniques, whose requirements usually map
well against the features of Green Analytical Chemistry [1]. Amongst them, solid phase molecular
spectroscopy (SPMS) is a single approach that has led to the development of several green analytical
methodologies in last few years. It is based on the use of solid phase microbeads from an appropriate material
to retain onto them the target species by establishing an equilibrium between the active sites of the sorbent
and the target species to be analyzed in the solution. The retained (and concentrated) species is directly
