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used in all these methods are 1 VCPU, 256 MB memory, and one loop-
back i le virtual disk.
As shown in Table 16.1, a test is performed on three different VM migra-
tion mechanisms. Suspension and resume is the most popular approach
implemented by several projects [3,20,21]. We use the suspension and
restore functions of Xen to simulate this general approach. With this
method, i rst the VM is suspended or checkpointed to a hard disk; the
VM image is then moved to and restored on the destination machine.
In our experiments, we transmit the VM image in its original format and
in a compressed format. The former is for platforms with high-speed
communication channels and the latter is preferred for wide-area net-
works with low communication speed. The second is for live migration
with shared global storage, such as the migration supported by Xen live
migration [10]. In this kind of live migration, the source and destination
virtualization platform share the networked storage. The VM image is
accessible from both machines. The VM is migrated with optimized
memory state collection and restoration. The DVM method is different.
The VM skeleton is reconstructed on the destination platform according
to the DVM model, and only the VM memory state of user applications is
migrated. The measured response time is the time between the virtual-
ization platforms received the suspension or migration request and the
TABLE 16.1
VM Migration Comparison
Suspension and
Resume
(compressed)
Suspension and
Resume
Shared
Storage
DVM
Linpack
Response (secs)
449.2
431.8
38.25
198.5
OOS (secs)
449.2
431.8
6.4
1.99
Comm (M)
4698
570.6
382.25
0.359
Perf degradation (%)
0
0
23.5%
0
Bitonic
Response (secs)
449.9
432.9
29.3
198.6
OOS (secs)
449.9
432.9
0.6
0.03
Comm (M)
4698
566.1
275.73
0.011
Perf degradation (%)
0
0
20.8%
0
Test tree
Response (secs)
448.9
430.9
39.21
198.4
OOS (secs)
448.9
430.9
6.48
6.38
Comm (M)
4698
565.0
382.25
2.08
Perf degradation (%)
0
0
25.6%
0
Gzip
Response (secs)
449.1
438.9
67.3
201.1
OOS (secs)
449.1
438.9
4.78
0.10
Comm (M)
4698
644.65
664.19
0.055
Perf degradation (%)
0
0
28.1%
0
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