Portal and Workflow in Grid Computing: From Application Integration to Service Integration - Grid Computing: Infrastructure, Service, and Applications - page 291

• Import and export —the components can only be wired within the

same module. If a component outside the module needs to be
called, an import has to be used. An import is the same as a ser-
vice component, but without implementation. Instead, the import
uses binding to dei ne how to connect to the actual service. The
binding usually includes (1) SCA binding, (2) Java message ser-
vice (JMS) binding, (3) stateless session bean, and (4) Web service.
The export is used to expose any module's components as ser-
vices externally or to other modules.
Implementation

• —the implementation type of a service component

includes Java, BPEL, state machine, business rules, human tasks,
selector, and interface map.

11.4
A case study within the UK e-Science program, namely MaterialsGrid
[64], will be introduced, and how portal and workl ow technologies are
employed in the MaterialsGrid is briel y discussed in this section.

A Case Study within the UK e-Science Program

11.4.1 UK e-Science Program

The term e-Science is used to describe computationally intensive sci-
ence that is carried out in highly distributed network environments, or
science that uses immense datasets that require grid computing.
According to John Taylor, a Director of the UK Government's Ofi ce of
Science and Technology who initially created this term, “e-Science is
about global collaboration in key areas of science, and the next genera-
tion computing infrastructure will enable it. e-Science will change the
dynamic of way the science is undertaken” [65]. Another major aim of
e-Science is to bring together researchers from science and IT/comput-
ing backgrounds, allowing them to use each other's experience and
skills. Examples of this kind of science include particle physics, earth
sciences, and bioinformatics. e-Science is different from traditional
science and computer science. In e-Science, grid computing is one of
the major enabling technologies used to develop an infrastructure
where global research collaboration can be conducted.
e-Science in the United Kingdom has received signii cant funding from
government and research councils. The main UK government support for
grid computing has been through its £230 million e-Science program 0.
The UK e-Science program comprises a wide range of resources, centers,
and people. Two of the largest UK science grids are GridPP [67] and the
National Grid Service (NGS) [68]. GridPP has £65 million funding from