Database Reference
In-Depth Information
Preparing for the Oracle Database installation
With the operating system in a bootable state, it is time to configure the environment to allow for the installation of a
database. This process has not changed from previous releases, and it involves changing kernel parameters, installing
additional packages, and creating users and groups. The section assumes a fresh installation of Oracle Linux without
any existing Oracle-related accounts in place.
The use of Oracle Automatic Storage Management (ASM) requires an installation of Grid Infrastructure for a
standalone server. In this respect there is nothing new to the process. Using ASM even for single instance deployments
is worth considering. ASM offers benefits over certain file systems, mainly when it comes to concurrent writes, inode
locking, direct IO capabilities, and many more. On the downside, using ASM for storing database files moves these out
of the file system and into an Oracle-specific storage area. Although ASM has been enhanced with command-line like
access, you still need to connect to the ASM instance implicitly.
Installing additional packages
The first step in the preparation for the Oracle installation involves completing the installation of the required set of
packages. A local YUM repository such as the one created earlier can be used to download the packages and resolve
any dependencies. To make the repository available to the system create a new file
local.repo
in
/etc/yum.repos.d/
with these lines:
[local]
name = local installation tree
baseurl =
http://imageServer/ol64/
enabled = 1
gpgcheck = 1
Note that the gpgcheck value is set to 1 in the repository configuration. Whenever you are using repositories
you must ensure that the packages you download from the repository are signed and match the key! Using the above
repository you should be able to install the packages required for the next steps.
# yum install compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 libstdc++-devel gcc-c++ ksh libaio-devel
# yum install xorg-x11-utils xorg-x11-server-utils twm tigervnc-server xterm
The preceding list of commands depends on the packages already present on your system. For a complete list
of what is needed, please refer to the
Oracle Database Quick Installation Guide 12c Release 1 for Linux x86-64.
See specifically section 6.1, “Supported Oracle Linux 6 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Distributions for x86-64”,
for a complete list.
If you are planning the installation of Oracle Restart, you also need to install the package “
cvuqdisk
,” which is
part of the Grid Infrastructure installation package. Installing these packages satisfies the Oracle installer.
Creating the operating system users and groups
With all required packages in place it is time to consider the creation of the Oracle user and groups. Whereas this was
a simple and straightforward task in releases up to Oracle 11.1, some more thought must now be put into the process
if you plan on using ASM or Real Application Clusters. The new process in Oracle 12c even affects the database
installation.
The main reason the user and group creation process has become more interesting is the “separation of duties”.
In the very basic form, one operating system account-usually named “
oracle
”-owns the binaries for Grid
Infrastructure and the database as well. This way whoever logs into the system as oracle has full control over
every aspect of database management. While this is acceptable in most smaller companies, larger institutions use
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