Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Appendix B
Abstract.
This Appendix extends on the results of numerical parametric analysis
of multi-story structures presented in Chapter 9. Results are reported for three and
five story structures in Chapter 9 and for two and four stories in this Appendix.
The primary purpose of this analysis is to investigate the effects of thermal
movements of Rigidly Framed Earth Retaining Structures (RFERS) on (1) the dis-
placement of the rigid frames, (2) the stresses developed in the structural elements,
and (3) the lateral earth pressure developed in the soil mass.
B.1 Thermal Soil Structure Interaction of Multi-story RFERS
B.1.1 Two Story Rigidly Framed Earth Retaining Structures
The analysis results of two story rigid frames are presented herein. The results are
reported for 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 and 20 bay frames under four separate sections corre-
sponding to the varied parameters shown in Table 9.1. The results reported for
each temperature cycle, in addition to the initial backfill stage, are (1) the dis-
placement of the retaining wall; (2) the lateral earth pressure developed in the re-
tained soil mass; (3) the retaining wall bending moment; (4) the displacement of
the end column; and (5) the end column bending moment.
B.1.1.1 Frames with Bay Length, L
b
, 10 Feet, and Column to Beam Stiffness
Ratio, S
c
/S
b
, of 1
The horizontal movements of retaining wall portion of the two story RFERS with a
bay length of 10 feet and column to beam stiffness ratio of 1 are presented in Fig.
B.1 and B.2 for the initial backfill stage and last expansion cycle, respectively.
The retaining wall displacements at the end of the backfill stage, shown in Fig. B.1,
are found to decrease with the increase in the lateral stiffness of the frame. The
displacement at the top of the wall of the single bay frame, for instance, is over 12
times larger than its counterpart found for the 20-bay frame. The displaced walls
at the end of the expansion cycle, shown in Fig. B.2, indicate a slight change in
their displacements found at the end of the backfill stage.
