Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
The end column horizontal movements, shown in Fig. A.28, indicate larger ex-
pansion movements compared with the movements undergone during the contrac-
tion cycles. The maximum bending moment in the end column, which occurs dur-
ing the last expansion cycle, is nearly 4 times larger than the moment developed
during the initial backfill stage and the contraction cycles.
10
8
15 bays
6
L
b
=
10
f
t
φ
4
= 30
o
U
ha
U
hec1
U
hcc1
U
hec2
U
hcc2
U
hec3
2
S
c
/S
b
= 1
0
-0.03
-0.02
-0.01
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
Horizontal End Column Movement, U
h
, ft
10
8
6
15 bays
L
b
= 10
ft
φ
4
M
a
M
ec1
M
cc1
M
ec2
M
cc2
M
ec3
= 30
o
2
S
c
/S
b
= 1
0
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
End Column Moment, M, kips-ft
Fig. A.28
End Column Analysis Results (Fifteen-Bay, L
b
=10 ft, S
c
/S
b
= 1)
A.1.1.8 15-Bay Frame (Bay Length, L
b
, 10 Feet, Column to Beam Stiffness
Ratio, S
c
/S
b
, of 4)
The analysis results for a 15-bay frame with a bay length of 10-ft and a column to
beam stiffness ratio of 4 are presented herein. The frame has the largest lateral
stiffness of all frames presented thus far in this Appendix and the second largest
expansion length of all analyzed frames. Moreover, this frame has 8 times the lat-
eral stiffness of the 15-bay structure presented earlier.
The horizontal wall movements, shown in Fig. A.29, indicate relatively small
horizontal displacements at the initial backfill stage, and expansion and contraction
