Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
The lateral earth pressure developed behind the rigid frame, shown in Fig.
A.12, indicate a significant increase in lateral earth pressure in the retained soil
mass during the expansion cycles for the top one-half on the structure's height.
This result is inline with that found for the frame presented latterly.
The horizontal movements of the end column are found to be notably larger
than nearly all the frames presented hitherto, particularly during the latter expan-
sion cycles. The range of movement of the end column is also large compared
with the other structures discussed formerly.
This can be attributed to the lower lateral stiffness of the frame, which results in
larger lateral displacement and a reduced ability of the structure to resist the
applied loads with relatively small displacements. A stiffer frame, such as the
latterly presented RFERS, is capable of expanding into the soil given its greater
ability to resist the applied forces while undergoing expansion movement due to
temperature change.
10
3 bays, L
b
= 20 ft
φ
8
= 30
o
M
a
M
ec1
M
cc1
M
ec2
M
cc2
M
ec3
S
c
/S
b
= 1
6
4
2
0
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
Retaining Wall Moment, M, kips-ft
10
3 bays, L
b
= 20 ft
φ
8
= 30
o
Q
a
Q
ec1
Q
cc1
Q
ec2
Q
cc2
Q
ec3
S
c
/S
b
= 1
6
4
2
0
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Retaining Wall Shear Force, Q, kips
Fig. A.10
Retaining Wall Moment and Shear Diagrams (Three-Bay, L
b
= 20 ft, S
c
/S
b
= 1)
