Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
30
M
en1
M
en3
M
en6
M
en10
M
en15
M
en20
L
b
= 10 ft
φ
25
= 30
o
20
S
c
/S
b
= 1
15
10
5
0
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
Retaining Wall Moment, M, kips-ft
Fig. 9.6
Retaining Wall Moment at Expansion Cycle (φ = 30º, All Bays, L
b
=10 ft,
S
c
/S
b
= 1)
The end column horizontal movements are presented in Fig. 9.7 and 9.8 for the
initial backfill stage and the last expansion cycle, respectively.
The variation between the horizontally displaced positions of the end columns
of the RFERS at the end of the initial backfill stage and the last expansion cycle
are found to be nominal for the single bay, and the 3 and 6-bay frames. For the
larger frames, on the other hand, the horizontal deflections of the end columns at
the end of the last expansion cycle are substantially larger, compared to their
counterparts found at the initial backfill stage.
30
25
U
hn1
U
hn3
U
hn6
U
hn10
U
hn15
U
hn20
20
15
L
b
= 10 ft
φ
10
= 30
o
5
S
c
/S
b
= 1
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Horizontal End Column Movement, U
h
, ft
Fig. 9.7
End Column Movements at Backfill Stage (φ = 30º, All Bays, L
b
=10 ft, S
c
/S
b
= 1)
