Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
10
8
U
ha
U
hec1
U
h
cc
1
U
hec2
U
hc
c
2
U
hec3
10
bays
6
L
b
= 20 ft
φ
4
= 30
o
S
c
/S
b
= 4
2
0
-0.03
-0.02
-0.01
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
Horizontal End Column Movement, U
h
, ft
10
8
10 bays
6
L
b
=
2
0
f
t
φ
4
M
a
M
ec1
M
cc1
M
ec2
M
cc2
M
ec3
= 30
o
2
S
c
/S
b
= 4
0
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
End Column Moment, M, kips-ft
Fig. 8.31
End Column Analysis Results (Ten-Bay, L
b
= 20 ft, S
c
/S
b
= 4)
8.3.1.9 20-Bay Frame (Bay Length, L
b
, 10 Feet, Column to Beam Stiffness
Ratio, S
c
/S
b
, of 1)
The analysis results for a 20-bay frame with a bay length of 10-ft and a column to
beam stiffness ratio of 1 are presented herein. The frame has the third largest
lateral stiffness of all frames presented thus far in this chapter and the largest
expansion length.
The retaining wall analysis results are shown in Fig. 8.32. The horizontal
retaining wall movements indicate a horizontal displacement occurring at end of
the initial backfill stage larger than the movements found for stiffer frames during
the same analysis stage. Furthermore, thermal movements of the frame at retaining
wall are smaller during expansion cycle compared with the contraction
movements. The rigid frame stiffness is therefore smaller than that required to
offset the soil restraint.
