Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Sterilization does not modify the characteristics of the product.
Studies that have been carried out
in vitro
on samples in the form
of plates and disks have highlighted a controlled bacteria and cell
response when Ti or Ti alloy is grafted with bioactive polymers
[BAY 07, MAY 08, LEC 10, OUG 11, ZOR 11, ALC 13, OUG 13,
MIG 13, HEL 09].
The surface grafted with polystyrene sodium sulfonate is
biocompatible and does not present any cytotoxicity.
Osteoblast cells (primary Saos, MC3T3, MG63) are more spread
out, better adhered and much more homogeneously onto surfaces
grafted with bioactive polymers compared to non-grafted polymers.
Protein adsorption plays a major role in cell response [FEL 13,
FEL 14a, FEL 14b].
Osteoblastic differentiation (ALP and mineralization) is more
pronounced on grafted surfaces than on non-grafted ones.
Bacterial adhesion is inhibited when the surfaces are grafted with
bioactive polymers: up to 90% compared to a non-grafted surface with
an inhibition percentage which depends on the type of proteins present
on the surface. Protein adsorption plays a majorly important role in
bacterial response, which confirms the results previously obtained
with the model polymers by Berlot
et al.
[BER 02].
In vivo
experiments on rabbits have allowed for the demonstration
of short-term osseointegration of implants grafted with polyNaSS.
The first
in vivo
infection tests carried out on rabbits demonstrate
the purpose of grafting on Ti alloy in order to reduce
bacterial adhesion/infection: the difference between Ti surfaces
grafted with bioactive polymers and non-grafted ones is on the same
level as that observed with silicone. These tests were carried out on
multiple sets of animals.
