Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 3. Water balance in paddy field
( 40% )
Rainfall
( 40% )
Rainfall
( 40% )
Rainfall
( 60% )
Irrigation
( 60% )
Irrigation
( 60% )
Irrigation
( 40% )
Consumption
( 40% )
Consumption
( 40% )
Consumption
( 10% )
Surface flow
( 10% )
Surface flow
( 10% )
Surface flow
Temporal storage
( 2% )
Temporal storage
( 2% )
Temporal storage
( 2% )
Percolation
( 48% )
= 100%
Percolation
( 48% )
= 100%
Percolation
( 48% )
= 100%
55%
55%
55%
45%
45%
45%
Groundwater
Groundwater
Groundwater
Stream or
River etc.
Stream or
River etc.
Stream or
River etc.
Concept for water resource conservation
Water management for maintaining sustainability of water resources becomes more
and more important as water consumption by agriculture is seriously recognised due to
the shortage of water of a quality and a discrepancy between demand and supply and the
environmental impacts of agriculture. Of course, some people these days have no concern
about water quality, and don't know how much water we need. But, many countries are
really facing serious water pollution, a decrease of water resources and growing
competition for water use between countries. These situations might cause an unstable
water supply, so that most countries are required to develop effective water management
technologies for the stable supply of water and sustainable water use. At first, we should
think what water conservation is and what 5W 1H for water conservation means. The
shortest way is to know who, when, where, what, how, and why. So, the Korean
Government is carrying out various works in many sectors for water conservation.
Especially, these works in the agricultural field are to complete a system through which
farmer can easily get information for a farmer's field on the internet, improving water
quality by soil erosion prevention practices and BMP application, and water management
handbooks for upland crops and crops cultivated in greenhouses, etc. BMP, which is one
of these, is a practice or combination of practices that is determined by a state (or by an
area-wide planning agency) — after problem assessment, examination of alternative
practices and appropriate public participation — to be the most effectively practicable
(including technological, economic, and institutional considerations) means of
preventing, or reducing, the amount of pollution generated by non-point sources to a level
compatible with water quality goals (Baily and Waddell, 1979). If each country or
researcher thinks water quantity for appropriate distribution of water resources besides
these meanings, a new BMP concept for water resource sustainability, considering water
demand and supply, use and production or storage suitable for each country, will be made
and added to the old concept on BMP focused on water quality.
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