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industrial processes more environmentally benign by achieving cleaner tech-
nologies for organic syntheses. Water treatment by ferrate(VI) may also be
preferable over permanganate because of relatively faster rates of reactions.
Studies on the applications of ferrate(VI) as a chemical treatment are being
performed, and the current focus is on the oxidation of emerging contaminants
such as pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors. Future work should include
the identification and quantification of products from such oxidation reactions
by ferrate(VI).
The studies on ferrate(IV) and ferrate(V) are still very limited. The oxida-
tion of amino acids by ferrate(IV) with amino acids is not known. A few
studies on the reactivity of ferrate(V) with amino acids were mostly carried
out under alkaline pH conditions. Knowledge on the nature of products of
oxidation by both ferrate(V) and ferrate(VI) is still largely missing. Studies
on the reactions of ferrate species with amino acids and peptides under neutral
pH conditions are needed to learn their relevance in biological and disinfec-
tion processes. A detailed analysis of the intermediate(s) and products are also
required to learn the steps of the oxidation reaction mechanisms. Overall, the
kinetics and mechanism of oxidation reactions of ferrates will help to under-
stand the role of high-valent iron in biological and environmental reactions.
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4
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