Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
Hilly, residential Buda and historic Óbuda on the western bank of the Danube merge
with flat, industrial Pest on the eastern side to form what is at first called Pest-Buda.
1896
Millennium of the Magyar conquest of the Carpathian Basin is marked by a major ex-
hibition in City Park that attracts four million people over six months.
1900
The population of Budapest increases to 750,00 by the turn of the century, up from
280,000 just 50 years before.
1918
Austria-Hungary loses WWI in November and the political system collapses; Hungary
declares itself a republic under the leadership of Count Mihály Károlyi.
1920
Treaty of Trianon carves up much of Central Europe, reducing Hungary by almost two-
thirds and enlarging the ethnic Hungarian populations in Romania, Yugoslavia and
Czechoslovakia.
1931
Strongman Miklós Horthy declares martial law in the face of economic unrest; sus-
pected communists are rounded up, imprisoned and, in some cases, executed.
1939
Nazi Germany invades Poland; Britain and France declare war on Germany two days
later, but Hungary remains neutral for the time being.
1941
Hungary joins the Axis led by Germany and Italy against the Allies in WWII, largely in
order to recover territories lost under the terms of the Treaty of Trianon.
1944
Germany invades and occupies Hungary; most Hungarian Jews, who had largely been
able to avoid persecution under Horthy, are deported to Nazi concentration camps.
1945
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