Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 5. Example of performance indicators and criteria for the Airfield functional area
Objective
Indicator
Index
Criteria
Unit
Runways & taxiways
C0
2
eq: Carbon dioxide equivalent (IPCC, 2007)
C0: Carbon monoxide
NO
x
: Nitrogen Oxides
S0
x
: Sulfur oxides
VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds
PM: Particulate Matter
Light colored and high albedo materials: reflectance to be defined
1. Reduce taxiing distances and times
Level 1:Aircraft vehicle miles traveled
(VMT)
Q
QUANT
mi.
Level 2: Aircraft emissions (global warming)
P
QUANT
g C0
2
eq
Level 3: Aircraft emissions (global warming)
Aircraft emissions (air quality)
P
QUANT
g C0
2
eq
g CO
g NO
x
g S0
x
g VOC
g PM
2. Distance emissions from residential
areas
Level 1: Distance between emission sources and
residential areas
Q
QUANT
mi.
Level 2: Distance between emission sources and res-
idential areas weighted against emission intensity
Q
QUANT
mi. x g of
pollutant
3. Reduce heat islands to minimize impact
on microclimate
Percentage of impervious surfaces with shade or light
colored/high albedo materials
Q
QUANT
%
GSE
4. Reduce GSE emissions
Level 1: GSE VMT
Q
QUANT
mi.
Level 2: GSE emissions (global warming)
P
QUANT
g C0
2
eq
Level 3: GSE emissions (global warming)
GSE emissions (air quality)
P
QUANT
g C0
2
eq
g CO
g NO
x
g S0
x
g VOC
g PM
5. Reduce fuel truck operations and risk of
surface fuel spill
Level 1: Availability of aircraft parking with hy-
drant fueling
Q
QUAL
--
Level 2: Quantity of aircraft parking with hydrant
fueling weighted
by output
Q
QUANT
TBD
6. Reduce use of APUs and GPUs
Level 1: Availability of aircraft parking with
ground power outlet
Q
QUAL
--
Level 2: Quantity of aircraft parking with ground
power outlet weighted
by output
Q
QUANT
TBD
Noise
CNEL: Community Noise Equivalent Level expressed in decibels (db)
7. Limit aircraft noise exposure
Number of households exposed to each noise level
weighted
by CNEL
Q
QUANT
House-
holds x
db
Availability of equipment for stiff approach landing
Q
QUAL
--
De-icing
8. Limit pollution caused by aircraft de-
icing fluids
Performance and availability of de-icing runoff collec-
tion, treatment and reuse equipment
Q
QUANT
TBD
P: Pollution index; Q: Quality index; QUANT: Quantitative; QUAL: Qualitative; --: not available; TBD: to be determined
