Origins and development - Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment - page 54

Notes
1. For example, Ely v. Velds, 451 F.2d 1130, 4th Cir. 1971; Carolina Action v. Simon, 522 F.2d
295, 4th Cir. 1975.
2. Calvert Cliffs Coordinating Committee, Inc. v. United States Atomic Energy Commission 449
F.2d 1109, DC Cir. 1971.
3. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. v. Morton, 458 F.2d 827, DC Cir. 1972.
4. California, Connecticut, Georgia, Hawaii, Indiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota,
Montana, New York, North Carolina, South Dakota, Virginia, Washington and Wisconsin,
plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rica.
5. Arizona, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Louisiana, Michigan, New Jersey, North Dakota,
Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Utah.
6. Amendments to Articles 7 and 9 were influenced by the requirements of the Espoo
Convention on EIA in a Transboundary Context, signed by 29 countries and the EU in 1991.
This widened and strengthened the requirements for consultation with Member States where
a significant transboundary impact is identified. The Convention deals with both projects and
impacts that cross boundaries and is not limited to a consideration of projects that are in
close proximity to a boundary.
References
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Bear, D. 1990. EIA in the USA after twenty years of NEPA. EIA newsletter 4 , EIA Centre,
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Catlow, J. & C.G.Thirwall 1976. Environmental impact analysis (DoE Research Report 11).
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CEC (Commission of the European Communities) 1973. First action programme on the
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CEC 1980. Draft directive concerning the assessment of the environmental effects of certain public
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